##=========================================================== UDYOGAPARVAM =========================================================== Two versions of "The Mahabharata" were used for this transalation I) available from internet at http://www.hscc.net/mahabharata/txt/05.txt in Itrans format. II) Gita press edition =========================================================== Dr. Sarasvati Mohan, Vikram Santurkar - May 2000 =========================================================== The transalation is organized as follows : Sloka - Sloka in original form. Padavibhaaga - Identification and separation of words from Sandhi. Anvaya - Sloka in prose order. Pratipadaartha - Meanings of each word in prose order Anuvaada - Transalation Certain compounds are explained in full detail. ===========================================================## ##================== Udyogaparvam - Section 1 ==================## shlokaH 1 kR^itvA vivAha.n tu kurupravIrAH tadAbhimanyormuditasvapakShAH . vishramya chatvAryuShasaH pratItAH sabhA.n virATasya tato.abhijagmuH .. 1..\\ padavibhaagaH kR^itvA vivaahaM tu kurupravIrAH tadaa abhimanyoH mudita##-##svapakShAH. vishramya chatvaari uShasaH pratiitaaH sabhaaM viraaTasya tataH abhijagmuH .. anvayaH tadaa abhimanyoH vivaahaM kR^itvA tu kurupravIrAH mudita##-##svapakShAH. chatvaari uShasaH vishramya tataH viraaTasya sabhaaM abhijagmuH.. pratipadaarthaH tadaa## = then;## abhimanyoH## = Abhimanyu's;## vivaaham## = marriage;## kR^itvA## = after doing;## tu## = indeed;## kurupravIrAH## = great heros of Kuru family;## mudita##-##svapakShAH##(comp.)## mudita## = rejoiced;## svapakshA ## = own group;## mudita##-##svapakShAH##=having their own group, rejoiced;## chatvaari ## = four;## uShasaH ## = dawn's;## vishramya## = after resting;## viraaTasya ## = of king Viraata;## sabhaam## = assembly hall;## tataH## = then;## abhijagmuH ## = went;## anuvaadaH ##Then after Abhimanyu's marriage, the great Kuru warriors rejoiced. After resting for four days, they went to king Viraata's court.## shlokaH 2 sabhA tu sA matsyapateH samR^iddhA maNipravekottamaratnachitrA . nyastAsanA mAlyavatI sugandhA tAmabhyayuste nararAjavaryAH .. 2..\\ padavibhaagaH sabhA tu sA matsyapateH samR^iddhA maNi##-##praveka##-##uttama##-##ratna##-##chitrA . nyasta##-##AsanA mAlyavatI sugandhA tAM abhyayuH te nara##-##rAja##-##varyAH .. anvayaH matsyapateH saa sabhaa tu samR^iddhA maNi##-##praveka##-##uttama##-##ratna##-##chitrA nyasta##-##AsanA mAlyavatI sugandhA ##(##asti##)##. te nara##-##rAja##-##varyAH taaM abhyayuH.. pratipadaarthaH matsyapateH##=of the king of Matsya's;## saa##=that;## sabhaa##=assembly hall;## tu##=indeed;## samR^iddhA##=prosperous,rich;## maNi##-##praveka##-##uttama##-##ratna##-##chitrA ##(comp.)## maNiH##=gem;## pravekaH##=chief;## uttama##=best;## ratnaH##=gem;## chitraH ##= interesting, wonderful;## maNi##-##praveka##-##uttama##-##ratna##-##chitrA ##= colorful with the best gems## nyasta##-##AsanA ##(comp.)## nyasta##=placed down;## aasana##= seat;## nyasta##-##AsanA ## having seats placed;## mAlyavatI##=garlanded;## sugandhA##=sweet smelling;## ##(##asti##)=is;## te##=they;## nara##-##rAja##-##varyAH ##(comp.)## nararaajaH##=king;## varyaH##=great;## nara##-##rAja##-##varyAH ##=great kings;## taam##=that(sabha);## abhyayuH ##=saw;## anuvaadaH ##The great kings entered the colorful assembly hall of the lord of the Matsya's decorated with precious gems, sweet smelling and having seats placed.## shlokaH 3 athAsanAnyAvishatAM purastAt ubhau virATadrupadau narendrau . vR^iddhau cha mAnyau pR^ithivIpatInAM pitrA samaM rAmajanArdanau cha .. 3..\\ padavibhaagaH atha AsanAni AvishatAM purastAt ubhau virATa##-##drupadau narendrau . vR^iddhau cha mAnyau pR^ithivI##-##patInAM pitrA samaM rAma##-##janArdanau cha .. anvayaH atha AsanAni AvishatAM pR^ithivI##-##patInAM purastAt ubhau vR^iddhau mAnyau virATa##-##drupadau narendrau pitrA samaM cha rAma##-##janArdanau. pratipadaarthaH atha##=then;## AsanAni##=seats;## AvishatAM##=of those sitting;## pR^ithivI##-##patInAM##= kings;## purastAt##=in front of;## ubhau##=both;## vR^iddhau##=old;## mAnyau##=respected;## virATa##-##drupadau##=Viraata and Drupada;## narendrau##=king's;## pitrA samaM##=along (equal) with their father;## cha##=and;## rAma##-##janArdanau##=Balarama and Krishna;## anuvaadaH ## Then, in front of the seated kings, there were both Viraata and Drupada, respected and old, along with, Balarama and Krishna.## shlokaH 4 pA~nchAlarAjasya samIpatastu shinipravIraH saharauhiNeyaH . matsyasya rAGYastu susaMnikR^iShTau janArdanashchaiva yudhiShThirashcha .. 4..\\ padavibhaagaH pA~nchAla##-##rAjasya samIpataH tu shini##-##pravIraH saha##-##rauhiNeyaH . matsyasya rAGYaH tu susaMnikR^iShTau janArdanaH cha eva yudhiShThiraH cha .. anvayaH pA~nchAla##-##rAjasya samIpataH tu shini##-##pravIraH saha##-##rauhiNeyaH . matsyasya rAGYaH tu janArdanaH yudhiShThiraH cha susaMnikR^iShTau . pratipadaarthaH pA~nchAla##-##rAjasya##=of the king of Paanchala's;## samIpataH##=nearby;## tu##=indeed;## shini##-##pravIraH##(comp)## shiniH##=name of warrior on the Yadava side;## pravIraH##=most distinguished;## shini##-##pravIraH##=great warrior of the Sini race, Satyaki;## saha##-##rauhiNeyaH##(comp)## saha##=together with;## rauhiNeyaH##=Balarama;## saha##-##rauhiNeyaH##= together with Balarama;## matsyasya##=of the king of Matsyas;## rAGYaH##=king;## tu##=indeed;## janArdanaH##=Krishna;## yudhiShThiraH##=Yudhistira;## cha##=and;## susaMnikR^iShTau##=were nearby.;## anuvaadaH ## The distinguished warrior of the Yadava clan, Satyaki, and Balarama were near the king of Panchala. Krishna and Yudhistira were near the king of Matsyas.## shlokaH 5 sutAshcha sarve drupadasya rAGYo bhImArjunau mAdravatIsutau cha . pradyumnasAmbau cha yudhi pravIrau virATaputraishcha sahAbhimanyuH .. 5..\\ padavibhaagaH sutAH cha sarve drupadasya rAGYaH bhIma##-##arjunau mAdravatI##-##sutau cha . pradyumna##-##sAmbau cha yudhi pravIrau virATaputraiH cha saha##-##abhimanyuH . anvayaH drupadasya rAGYaH sutAH bhIma##-##arjunau mAdravatI##-##sutau pradyumna##-##sAmbau yudhi pravIrau virATaputraiH saha##-##abhimanyuH cha sarve ##(##santi##)##. pratipadaarthaH drupadasya##=of Drupada;## rAGYaH##=king;## sutAH##=sons;##bhIma##-##arjunau ##=Bhima and Arjuna;## mAdravatI##-##sutau##=chilrdren of Madravati(Paandu's second wife);## pradyumna##-##sAmbau##=Pradyumna and Samba;## yudhi pravIrau## great warriors of the war;## virATaputraiH## with the sons of Viraata;## saha##-##abhimanyuH## together with Abhimanyu;## cha##=and;## sarve##=all;## ##(##santi##)= were there. ;## anuvaadaH ## Also the sons of Drupada, Bhima and Arjuna, son's of Madravati, Pradyumna and Samba, heroes of the war, king Viraata's sons and Abhimanyu were there.## shlokaH 6 sarve cha shUrAH pitR^ibhiH samAnA vIryeNa rUpeNa balena chaiva . upAvishandraupadeyAH kumArAH suvarNachitreShu varAsaneShu .. 6..\\ padavibhaagaH sarve cha shUrAH pitR^ibhiH samAnAH vIryeNa rUpeNa balena cha eva . upAvishan draupadeyAH kumArAH suvarNachitreShu varAsaneShu . anvayaH draupadeyAH kumArAH sarve shUrAH vIryeNa rUpeNa balena cha eva pitR^ibhiH samAnAH suvarNachitreShu varAsaneShu upAvishan. pratipadaarthaH draupadeyAH##=the Drupada progeny;## kumArAH##=princes;## sarve##=all;## shUrAH##=heroes;## vIryeNa##=by courage;## rUpeNa##=by appearance;## balena## = by strength;## cha##=and;## eva##=also;## pitR^ibhiH##=with the father's## samAnAH##=equal;## suvarNachitreShu##=beautiful with gold;## varAsaneShu##=on the best thrones;## upAvishan##=sat.;## anuvaadaH ## The warriors, sons of Drupada, were equal in courage, appearance and strength with their father's and sat on the beautiful golden thrones.## shlokaH 7 tathopaviShTeShu mahAratheShu vibhrAjamAnAmbarabhUShaNeShu . rarAja sA rAjavatI samR^iddhA grahairiva dyaurvimalairupetA .. 7..\\ padavibhaagaH tathaa upaviShTeShu mahA##-##ratheShu vibhrAjamAna##-##ambara##-##bhUShaNeShu . rarAja sA rAjavatI samR^iddhA grahaiH iva dyauH vimalaiH upetA .. anvayaH tathaa mahA##-##ratheShu vibhrAjamAna##-##ambara##-##bhUShaNeShu upaviShTeShu sA rAjavatI samR^iddhA ##(##sabhA##)## vimalaiH grahaiH upetA dyauH iva rarAja. pratipadaarthaH tathaa##=then;## mahA##-##ratheShu##=among great king's;## vibhrAjamAna##-##ambara##-## bhUShaNeShu##(comp)## vibhrAjamAnaH##=luminous;## ambara##=cloth;## bhUShaNam## =jwellery;## vibhrAjamAna##-##ambara##-##bhUShaNeShu##= in luminous bejwelled clothes;## upaviShTeShu##=when those were seated;## sA##=that;## rAjavatI##=having kings;## samR^iddhA ##= rich;## ##(##sabhA##)=assembly;## vimalaiH##=pure,clean;## grahaiH ##=planets;## upetA ##=having,possesing;## dyauH##sky;## iva##=just as;## rarAja##shone.## anuvaadaH ## Then, when the great kings with luminous bejwelled clothes were seated, the wonderful court shone, just as the sky with luminous shining planets.## shlokaH 8 tataH kathAste samavAya yuktAH kR^itvA vichitrAH puruShapravIrAH . tasthurmuhUrtaM parichintayantaH kR^iShNaM nR^ipAste samudIkShamANAH .. 8..\\ padavibhaagaH tataH kathAH te samavAya yuktAH kR^itvA vichitrAH puruSha##-##pravIrAH . tasthuH muhUrtaM parichintayantaH kR^iShNaM nR^ipAH te samudIkShamANAH . anvayaH tataH vichitrAH kathAH samavAya yuktAH kR^itvA te puruSha##-##pravIrAH nR^ipAH parichintayantaH kR^iShNaM samudIkShamANAH muhUrtaM tasthuH. pratipadaarthaH tataH##=then;## vichitrAH##=variety;## kathAH##=topics,stories;## samavAya##= bringing together;## yuktAH##=suitable,fit;## kR^itvA##=after doing;## puruSha##-##pravIrAH ##= great warriors;## te##=they;## nR^ipAH##=the king's;## parichintayantaH##= thinking;## kR^iShNaM##=krishna;## samudIkShamANAH##=behold,see;## muhUrtaM ##= moment;## tasthuH##=stood.;## anuvaadaH ## Then after organizing together the various topics, the distinguished king's, stood thinking for a moment, beholding Sri Krishna.## shlokaH 9 kathAntamAsAdya cha mAdhavena sa~NghaTTitAH pANDavakAryahetoH . te rAjasi.nhAH sahitA hyashR^iNvan vAkyaM mahArtha.n cha mahodayaM cha .. 9..\\ padavibhaagaH kathA##-##antam AsAdya cha mAdhavena sa~NghaTTitAH pANDava##-##kArya##-##hetoH. te rAjasi.nhAH sahitA hi ashR^iNvan vAkyaM mahArthaM cha mahodayaM cha .. anvayaH kathA##-##antaM AsAdya te pANDava##-##kArya##-##hetoH sa~NghaTTitAH rAjasi.nhAH mAdhavena sahitA hi mahArthaM mahodayaM vAkyaM ashR^iNvan. pratipadaarthaH kathA##=stories,topics;## antam##=end;## AsAdya##=after reaching;## te##=they;## pANDava##-##kArya##-##hetoH##= of those supporting the cause of Pandavas;## sa~NghaTTitAH##=come together;## mAdhavena##=with Madhava;## sahitA##=together;## hi##=indeed;## mahArthaM##=that which has great meaning;## mahodayaM##=that which has great brilliance;## vAkyaM##=sentence;## ashR^iNvan##=heard.;## anuvaadaH ## After reaching the end of their conversations, the kings, assembled for the benefit of the Pandavas, heard a brilliant speech of great meaning (of Krishna).## shlokaH 10 sarvairbhavadbhirvidita.n yathAyaM yudhiShThiraH saubalenAkShavatyAm . jito nikR^ityApahR^ita.n cha rAjyaM vanapravAse samayaH kR^itashcha .. 10..\\ padavibhaagaH sarvaiH bhavadbhiH vidita.n yathA ayaM yudhiShThiraH saubalena akShavatyAm. jitaH nikR^itya apahR^ita.n cha rAjyaM vana##-##pravAse samayaH kR^itaH cha .. anvayaH sarvaiH bhavadbhiH vidita.n yathA ayaM yudhiShThiraH akShavatyAm saubalena jitaH nikR^itya apahR^ita.n rAjyaM vana##-##pravAse samayaH kR^itaH. pratipadaarthaH sarvaiH##=by all;## bhavadbhiH##=by you;## vidita.n##=known;## yathA##=just as;## ayaM ##=this;## yudhiShThiraH##=yudhistira;## akShavatyAm##=in gambling;## saubalena##= by Sakuni;## jitaH##=was defeated;## nikR^itya##=deceived;## apahR^ita.n##robbed;## rAjyaM##=kingdom;## vana##-## pravAse ##(comp.)## vanaM##=forest;## pravAsaH##=entry; ## vana##-## pravase##=into the forest;## samayaH##=time;## kR^itaH##=done.;## anuvaadaH ## You all know that Yudhistira was deceitfully defeated in gambling (by Sakuni) and that his kingdom was robbed and they (Pandavas) spent time in exile.## shlokaH 11 shaktairvijetu.n tarasA mahIM cha satye sthitaistachcharita.n yathAvat . pANDoH sutaistad vratamugrarUpaM varShANi ShaTsapta cha bhAratAgryaiH .. 11..\\ padavibhaagaH shaktaiH vijetu.n tarasA mahIM cha satye sthitaiH tat charita.n yathAvat . pANDoH sutaiH tad vratam ugrarUpaM varShANi ShaTsapta cha bhArata##-##agryaiH . anvayaH mahIM tarasA vijetu.n shaktaiH satye sthitaiH pANDoH sutaiH bhArata##-##agryaiH tat ugrarUpaM vrataM ShaTsapta varShANi cha tat yathAvat charita.n. pratipadaarthaH mahIM##=earth;## tarasA##=with speed, speedily;## vijetu.n##=to win;## shaktaiH##= by capable persons;## satye##=in truth;##; sthitaiH##=situated;## pANDoH##=Pandu's; ## sutaiH##=by sons;## bhArata##-##agryaiH##(comp)## bhArata##of Bharata;##agryaiH ##=by leaders;## tat##=that;## ugrarUpaM##=fierce looking;## vratam##=oath,vow;## ShaTsapta##=thirteen;## varShANi ##=years;## cha##=and;## tat##=that;## yathAvat##=just as;## charita.n##=passed.;## anuvaadaH ##(and you all know - Krishna says further) Though capable to quickly conquer the whole earth, the sons of Pandu, the truthful leaders of the Bharata's descendents followed the cruel vow of thirteen years.## shlokaH 12 trayodashashchaiva sudustaro.ayam aGYAyamAnairbhavatA.n samIpe . kleshAnasahyAMshcha titikShamANaiH yathoShita.n tadviditaM cha sarvam .. 12..\\ padavibhaagaH trayodashaH cha eva sudustaraH ayaM aGYAyamAnaiH bhavatA.n samIpe. kleshAn asahyAn cha titikShamANaiH yathaa uShitaM tat viditaM cha sarvam . anvayaH ayaM sudustaraH trayodashaH bhavatAM samIpe aGYAyamAnaiH kleshAn asahyAn titikShamANaiH yathaa uShitaM tat sarvaM viditaM. pratipadaarthaH ayam##=this;## sudustaraH##=difficult to be crossed;## trayodashaH##=thiteenth;## bhavatAm##=of you all;## samIpe##=nearby;## aGYAyamAnaiH##=by being incognito;## kleshAn##=difficultites;## asahyAn##=unbearable;## titikShamANaiH##=by those who are enduring;## yathaa##=just as;## uShitam##=live,dwell;## tat##=that;## sarvam##=all; ## viditaM##=is known.;## anuvaadaH ## You all know, this difficult thirteenth year lived near you, incognito and enduring unbearable difficulties.## shlokaH 13 eva~Ngate dharmasutasya rAGYo duryodhanasyApi cha yaddhita.n syAt . tachchintayadhva.n kurupANDavAnAM dharmya.n cha yuktaM cha yashaskaraM cha .. 13..\\ padavibhaagaH evaM gate dharmasutasya rAGYaH duryodhanasya api cha yad hitaM syAt. tat chintayadhvaM kuru##-##pANDavAnAM dharmyaM cha yuktaM cha yashaH##-##karaM cha . anvayaH evaM gate dharmasutasya rAGYaH api cha duryodhanasya yad hitaM syAt tat chintayadhvam. ##(##yUyaM##)## tat kuru##-##pANDavAnAM dharmyaM yuktaM cha yashaH##-##karaM chintayadhvam. pratipadaarthaH evaM##=thus;## gate##=happened;## dharmasutasya##=Yudhistira's;## rAGYaH##= king's;## duryodhanasya##=of Duryodhana;## api##=also;## cha##=and;## yad##=that;## hitam##=beneficial;## syAt##should be## tat##=that;## chintayadhvam##=you all should think;## kuru##-##pANDavAnAM##=of the Kurus and Pandavas;## dharmyam##=legitimate;## cha##=and;## yuktaM##=suitable;## cha##=and;## yashaH##-##karaM ##(comp.)## yashaH##=fame;## karaM##=doing;## yashaH##-##karaM ##=bringing fame;## cha##=and.;## anuvaadaH ##When that is happened,you all should think about, that which is beneficial to Yudhistitra and king Duryodhana. You all should think of the right, legitimate and fame bringing plan for the Kurus and Pandavas.## shlokaH 14 adharmayukta.n cha na kAmayeta rAjya.n surANAmapi dharmarAjaH . dharmArthayukta.n cha mahIpatitvaM grAme.api kasmiMshchidayaM bubhUShet .. 14..\\ padavibhaagaH adharma##-##yuktaM cha na kAmayeta rAjyaM surANAm api dharmarAjaH . dharma##-##artha##-##yuktaM cha mahI##-##patitvaM grAme api kasmiMshchit ayaM bubhUShet .. anvayaH dharmarAjaH adharma##-##yuktaM surANAm rAjyaM api na kAmayeta . kasmiMshchit grAme api ayaM dharmarAjaH dharma##-##artha##-##yuktaM mahI##-##patitvaM bubhUShet. pratipadaarthaH dharmarAjaH##=Yudhistira;## adharma##-##yuktam##=with adharma;## surANAm##=of devas ;## rAjyam##=kingdom;## api##=also;## na##=not;## kAmayeta##=desire;## kasmiMshchit##= in some;## grAme##=village;## api##=also;## ayaM##=this;## dharmarAjaH##=Yudhistira;## dharma##-##artha##-##yuktam##=with dharma;## mahI##-##patitvaM##=lordship;## bubhUShet##=cherishes.;## anuvaadaH ##Yudhistira does not crave even the kingdom of gods, associated with adharma. However, he will cherish lordship over a single village righteously.## shlokaH 15 pitrya.n hi rAjyaM viditaM nR^ipANAM yathApakR^iShTa.n dhR^itarAShTraputraiH . mithyopachAreNa tathApyanena kR^ichchhraM mahatprAptamasahyarUpam .. 15..\\ padavibhaagaH pitryaM hi rAjyaM viditaM nR^ipANAM yathA apakR^iShTaM dhR^itarAShTraputraiH . mithyA##-##upachAreNa tathA api anena kR^ichchhraM mahat prAptam asahyarUpam .. anvayaH nR^ipANAM pitryaM hi viditaM rAjyaM yathA mithyA##-##upachAreNa dhR^itarAShTraputraiH apakR^iShTaM. tathA api anena asahyarUpaM kR^ichchhraM mahat prAptam. pratipadaarthaH nR^ipANAM##=of kings;## pitryam##=ancestry;## hi##=indeed;## viditaM##=know;## rAjyaM##=kingdom;## yathA##=just as;## mithyA##-##upachAreNa ##(comp.)## mithyA##=false;## upachAreNa##=service;## mithyA##-##upachAreNa ## by pretentious service;## dhR^itarAShTraputraiH##=by Dhritarashtra's son's;## apakR^iShTam##=taken away;## tathApi##=even then;## anena##=by them;## asahyarUpam##=unbearable form;## kR^ichchhraM##=trouble,difficulty;## mahatprAptam##=obtained;## anuvaadaH ##It is known indeed that the ancestral property of kings was taken away through falsehood by the son's of Dhritarashtra. As a result of that he (Yudhistira) had to go through unbearable hardships.## shlokaH 16 na chApi pArtho vijito raNe taiH svatejasA dhR^itarAShTrasya putraiH . tathApi rAjA sahitaH suhR^idbhiH abhIpsate.anAmayameva teShAm .. 16..\\ padavibhaagaH na cha api pArthaH vijitaH raNe taiH svatejasA dhR^itarAShTrasya putraiH . tathApi rAjA sahitaH suhR^idbhiH abhIpsate anAmayaM eva teShAm .. anvayaH svatejasA dhR^itarAShTrasya putraiH raNe pArthaH na vijitaH tathApi suhR^idbhiH sahitaH rAjA teShAM anAmayaM eva abhIpsate. pratipadaarthaH svatejasA##=by their own intelliegnce;## dhR^itarAShTrasya## of Dhritarashtra;## putraiH##=by son's;## raNe##=in the battlefield;## pArthaH##=arjuna;## na##=not;## vijitaH##= won over;## tathApi##=even then;## suhR^idbhiH##=with friends;## sahitaH##=together with;## rAjA##=king;## teShAm##=of them;## anAmayam##= good health;## eva##=only;## abhIpsate##=wishes.;## anuvaadaH ## The sons of Dhritarashtra could not defeat Arjuna in the battlefield by their own strength. Even then the king Yudhistira with friends, wished, only for the well being of the Kaurava's.## shlokaH 17 yattatsvayaM pANDusutairvijitya samAhR^itaM bhUmipatInnipIDya . tatprArthayante puruShapravIrAH kuntIsutA mAdravatIsutau cha .. 17..\\ padavibhaagaH yat tat svayaM pANDu##-##sutaiH vijitya samAhR^itaM bhUmi##-##patIn nipIDya . tat prArthayante puruShapravIrAH kuntIsutAH mAdravatIsutau cha .. anvayaH yat pANDu##-##sutaiH svayaM bhUmi##-##patIn nipIDya vijitya samAhR^itaM tat puruShapravIrAH kuntIsutAH mAdravatIsutau cha prArthayante. pratipadaarthaH yat##=that;## pANDu##-##sutaiH##=son's of Pandu;## svayaM##=by themselves;## bhUmi##-##patIn ##=lords or king's;## nipIDya##=pressingly, supressing;##vijitya##=after winning.;## samAhR^itaM##=gathered;## tat##=that;## puruShapravIrAH##=the distinguished warriors;## kuntIsutAH ##=son's of Kunti;## mAdravatIsutau##=son's of Madravati;## cha##=and;## prArthayante##=are requesting;## anuvaadaH ##The Pandavas (distinguished heroes, sons of Kunti and Madravati) are only requesting that property which they accquired by themselves from crushing(defeating) other kings.## shlokaH 18 bAlAstvime tairvividhairupAyaiH samprArthitA hantumamitrasaMghaiH . rAjya.n jihIrShadbhirasadbhirugraiH sarva.n cha tadvo vidita.n yathAvat .. 18..\\ padavibhaagaH bAlAH tu ime taiH vividhaiH upAyaiH samprArthitAH hantuM amitra##-##saMghaiH . rAjyaM jihIrShadbhiH asadbhiH ugraiH sarvaM cha tat viditaM yathAvat .. anvayaH sarvaM cha tat viditaM yathAvat bAlAH tu ime amitra##-##saMghaiH rAjyaM jihIrShadbhiH asadbhiH ugraiH samprArthitAH taiH vividhaiH upAyaiH hantum. pratipadaarthaH sarvam##=all;## cha##=and;## tat##=that;## viditam##=is known;## yathAvat##=that as it happened;## bAlAH##=innocent;## tu##=indeed;## ime##=these;## amitra##-##saMghaiH##=by the unfriendly groups;## rAjyam##=kingdom;## jihIrShadbhiH##= by those wishing to possses;## asadbhiH##=by those untruthful;## ugraiH##=fierce;## samprArthitA##=desired,wished;## taiH ##=by them;## vividhaiH##=various;## upAyaiH##=method's;## hantum ##= to kill.;## anuvaadaH ## It is known by you all, that a variety of means were used by the fierce, un-virtuous, un-friendly group to kill them (the innocent Pandavas) and grab the kingdom.## shlokaH 19 teShA.n cha lobhaM prasamIkShya vR^iddhaM dharmAtmatA.n chApi yudhiShThirasya . sambandhitA.n chApi samIkShya teShAM mati.n kurudhva.n sahitAH pR^ithak cha .. 19..\\ padavibhaagaH teShAM cha lobhaM prasamIkShya vR^iddhaM dharmAtmatAM cha api yudhiShThirasya . sambandhitAM cha api samIkShya teShAM matiM kurudhvaM sahitAH pR^ithak cha . anvayaH teShAM lobhaM vR^iddhaM prasamIkShya yudhiShThirasya dharmAtmatAM cha prasamIkShya teShAM sambandhitAM cha samIkShya sahitAH pR^ithak cha matiM kurudhvam. pratipadaarthaH teShAM##=of them;## lobhaM##=greed;## vR^iddhaM##=developed nature;## prasamIkShya##=after inspecting;## yudhiShThirasya##=Yudhistira's;## dharmAtmatAM##=nature of dharma;## cha##=and;## teshAM##=their;## sambandhitAM##=mutual relationship;## cha##=and;## samIkShya##=after inspecting;## sahitAH##=together;## pR^ithak##=separately;## cha##=and;## matiM kurudhvam##=decide.;## anuvaadaH ## You all should decide, after closely inspecting the developed greed of the Kauravas, the dharma of Yudhistira, their mutual relationship, each separately and also together as whole.## shlokaH 20 ime cha satye.abhiratAH sadaiva taM pArayitvA samaya.n yathAvat . ato.anyathA tairupacharyamANA hanyuH sametAndhR^itarAShTraputrAn .. 20..\\ padavibhaagaH ime cha satye abhiratAH sadA eva taM pArayitvA samayaM yathAvat . ataH anyathA taiH upacharyamANAH hanyuH sametAn dhR^itarAShTraputrAn .. anvayaH ime sadA eva satye abhiratAH yathAvat taM samayaM pArayitvA. ataH anyathA taiH upacharyamANAH sametAn dhR^itarAShTraputrAn hanyuH. pratipadaarthaH ime##=these;## sadaiva ##=always;## satye##=in truth;## abhiratAH##=taking pleasure;## yathAvat##=just as it happened;## taM##=that;## samayaM##= stipulated time;## pArayitvA##=after crossing;## ataH##=therefore;## anyathA##=otherwise;## taiH##=by them;## upacharyamANA##=being treated by them;## sametAn##=altogether;## dhR^itarAShTraputrAn##=son's of Dhritarashtra;## hanyuH##=should kill.;## anuvaadaH ##They (Pandavas) are always taking delight in truth and have served the stipulated time as was agreed. Therefore, otherwise being controlled by them(Kauravas), they(Pandavas) should kill the sons of Dhritarashtra.## shlokaH 21 tairviprakAra.n cha nishamya rAGYaH suhR^ijjanAstAnparivArayeyuH . yuddhena bAdheyurimA.nstathaiva tairbAdhyamAnA yudhi tAMshcha hanyuH .. 21..\\ padavibhaagaH taiH viprakAraM cha nishamya rAGYaH suhR^ijjanAH tAn parivArayeyuH . yuddhena bAdheyuH imAn tathA eva taiH bAdhyamAnA yudhi tAn cha hanyuH .. anvayaH suhR^ijjanAH taiH rAGYaH viprakAraM nishamya tAn parivArayeyuH. imAn yuddhena bAdheyuH tathA eva taiH bAdhyamAnA yudhi tAn cha hanyuH. pratipadaarthaH suhR^ijjanAH##=friend's;## taiH##=by them;## rAGYaH##=king;## viprakAraM##=insult;## nishamya##=seeing,beholding;## tAn##=them;## parivArayeyuH##=should surround;## imAn##=them;## yuddhena##=by war;## bAdheyuH##=should trouble;## tathaiva##=thus;## taiH##=by them;## bAdhyamAnA##=being killed;## yudhi##=in the war;## tAn##=them;## cha##=and:;## hanyuH##=should kill.;## anuvaadaH ## The friends of the Pandavas, knowing the insult to the king (by the Kauravas) would support them, by surrounding them(Kauravas). If the Pandavas are troubled by the Kauravas, they would kill them in the war.## shlokaH 22 tathApi neme.alpatayA samarthAH teShA.n jayAyeti bhavenmata.n vaH . sametya sarve sahitAH suhR^idbhiH teShA.n vinAshAya yateyureva .. 22..\\ padavibhaagaH tathApi na ime alpatayA samarthAH teShAM jayAya iti bhavet mataM vaH . sametya sarve sahitAH suhR^idbhiH teShAM vinAshAya yateyuH eva .. anvayaH tathApi ime alpatayA teShAM jayAya na samarthAH iti vaH mataM bhavet. sarve sametya suhR^idbhiH sahitAH teShAM vinAshAya yateyuH eva. pratipadaarthaH tathApi##=even then;## ime##=this;## alpatayA##=being small in number;## teShAM##=of them;## jayAya##=to win;## na##=not;## samarthAH##=capable;## iti##=thus;## vaH##=of us;## mataM##=opinion,belief;## bhavet##=should be;## sarve##=all;## sametya##=together;## suhR^idbhiH##=with friends;## sahitAH ##=together;##teShAM##=of them;## vinAshAya##=to destroy;## yateyuH##= should try;## eva##=only.;## anuvaadaH ## If you think that even though these(Pandavas) are few in number, they cannot defeat them (Kauravas), then united with friends, the Pandavas should try to destroy them (Kauravas).## shlokaH 23 duryodhanasyApi mata.n yathAvan na GYAyate kiM nu kariShyatIti . aGYAyamAne cha mate parasya ki.n syAtsamArabhyatamaM mataM vaH .. 23..\\ padavibhaagaH duryodhanasya api mataM yathAvat na GYAyate kiM nu kariShyati iti . aGYAyamAne cha mate parasya kiM syAt samArabhyatamaM mataM vaH . anvayaH duryodhanasya api mataM yathAvat na GYAyate kiM nu kariShyati iti. parasya mate aGYAyamAne kiM syAt samArabhyatamaM mataM vaH. pratipadaarthaH duryodhanasya##=Duryodhana's;## api##=also;## mataM##=belief;## yathAvat##=correctly;## na##==not;## GYAyate##=known;## kiM ##=what;## nu##=indeed;## kariShyati##=to do;## iti##thus;## parasya##=of other's;## aGYAyamAne##=by not being known;## mate##=opinion;## kiM##=what;## syAt##=should be;## samArabhyatamaM##=the first thing to be started;## mataM##= opinion;## vaH##=of you.;## anuvaadaH ##Not knowing Duryodhana's mind correctly, it is not clear what he will do. Without knowing the view of the enemy, where should we start according to you?## shlokaH 24 tasmAdito gachchhatu dharmashIlaH shuchiH kulInaH puruSho.apramattaH . dUtaH samarthaH prashamAya teShAM rAjyArdhadAnAya yudhiShThirasya .. 24..\\ padavibhaagaH tasmAt itaH gachchhatu dharmashIlaH shuchiH kulInaH puruShaH apramattaH . dUtaH samarthaH prashamAya teShAM rAjyArdha##-##dAnAya yudhiShThirasya .. anvayaH tasmAt itaH dharmashIlaH shuchiH kulInaH puruShaH apramattaH samarthaH dUtaH teShAM prashamAya yudhiShThirasya rAjyArdha##-##dAnAya gachchhatu. pratipadaarthaH tasmAt##=therefore;## itaH##=from here;## dharmashIlaH##=righteous;## shuchiH##=pious;## kulInaH##=of good family;## puruShaH##=person;## apramattaH##=alert;## samarthaH##=capable;## dUtaH##=messenger;## teShAM##=of them;## prashamAya##=calming;## yudhiShThirasya## =Yudhistira's;## rAjyArdha##-##dAnAya ##(comp.)## rAjyArdha##=half kingdom;## dAnAya##=for giving away;## rAjyArdha##-##dAnAya##=for giving away half the kingdom;## gachchhatu##=should go.;## anuvaadaH ## Hence, a just , pious, virtuous, of good family, alert mesenger should go for the sake of calming them and to argue on behalf of Yudhisitra's half of the kingdom from Duryodhana .## shlokaH 25 nishamya vAkya.n tu janArdanasya dharmArthayuktaM madhura.n sama.n cha . samAdade vAkyamathAgrajo.asya sampUjya vAkya.n tadatIva rAjan .. 25..\\ padavibhaagaH nishamya vAkyaM tu janArdanasya dharmArthayuktaM madhuraM samaM cha . samAdade vAkyaM atha agrajaH asya sampUjya vAkyaM tat atIva rAjan .. anvayaH janArdanasya dharmArthayuktaM madhuraM samaM vAkyaM nishamya tu tat atIva sampUjya asya agrajaH vAkyaM samAdade. pratipadaarthaH janArdanasya##=Janardana's;## dharmArthayuktaM##=following dharma;## madhuraM##=sweet sounding;## samaM##=balanced;## vAkyaM## =sentence;## nishamya##=beholding;## tu##=indeed;## tat##=that;## atIva##=greatly;## sampUjya##=respected;## asya##=his;## agrajaH ##=brother;## vAkyam##=sentence;## samAdade##=spoke.;## anuvaadaH ## After listening(beholding) to Janardana's sweet,balanced and righteous (with dharma) sentence, indeed with great respect, his brother presented (spoke) the following.## ##================== End - Section 1 ==================##