=========================================================== UDYOGAPARVAM =========================================================== Two versions of "The Mahabharata" were used for this transalation I) available from internet at http://www.hscc.net/mahabharata/txt/05.txt in Itrans format. II) Gita press edition =========================================================== Dr. Sarasvati Mohan, Vikram Santurkar - Jan. 2002 =========================================================== The transalation is organized as follows : Sloka - Sloka in original form. Padavibhaaga - Identification and separation of words from Sandhi. Anvaya - Sloka in prose order. Pratipadaartha - Meanings of each word in prose order Anuvaada - Transalation Certain compounds are explained in full detail. =========================================================== ================== Udyogaparvam - Section 11 ================== shalya uvacha shalya speaks shlokaH 1 R^iShayo.athAbruvansarve devAshcha tridasheshvarAH . aya.n vai nahuShaH shrImAndevarAjye.abhiShichyatAm . te gatvAthAbruvansarve rAjA no bhava pArthiva .. 1..\\ padavibhaagaH R^iShayaH atha abruvan sarve devAH cha tridasheshvarAH . aya.n vai nahuShaH shrImAn devarAjye abhiShichyatAm . te gatvA atha abruvan sarve rAjA naH bhava pArthiva .. anvayaH pArthiva atha sarve devAH tridasheshvarAH R^iShayaH cha abruvan. aya.n shrImAn nahuShaH vai devarAjye abhiShichyatAm. atha te sarve gatvA abruvan naH rAjA bhava. pratipadaarthaH pArthiva=O Yudhisthira; atha=then; sarve=all; devAH=the gods; tridasheshvarAH=other gods; R^iShayaH=the rishis; cha=and; abruvan=spoke; aya.n=this; shrImAn=respected, glorious; nahuShaH=Nahusha; vai=certainly; devarAjye=in heaven; abhiShichyatAm=may be annointed atha=then; te=they; sarve=all; gatvA=having gone; abruvan=spoke; naH=our; rAjA=king; bhava=please be anuvaadaH Shalya says: O Yudhisthira, then all the gods, rishis spoke (among themselves) this great Nahusha should certainly be annointed as king in heaven. Then they all went and spoke(to Nahusha) "Please be our King". shlokaH 2 sa tAnuvAcha nahuSho devAnR^iShigaNA.nstathA . pitR^ibhiH sahitAnrAjanparIpsanhitamAtmanaH .. 2..\\ padavibhaagaH saH tAn uvAcha nahuShaH devAn R^iShi-gaNAn tathA . pitR^ibhiH sahitAn rAjan parIpsan hitam AtmanaH .. anvayaH rAjan saH nahuShaH tAn pitR^ibhiH sahitAn devAn tathA R^iShi-gaNAn AtmanaH hitam parIpsan uvAcha. pratipadaarthaH rAjan=O King; saH=He; nahuShaH=Nahusha; tAn=them; pitR^ibhiH=with elders; sahitAn=together with; devAn=gods; tathA=and also; R^iShi-gaNAn=groups of sages; AtmanaH=himself; hitam=benefit; parIpsan=desiring another; uvAcha=spoke; anuvaadaH Shalya says to Yudhishitra: O King, Nahusha, upon seeing those gods together with the elders and also the groups of sages,wishing the best for himself, spoke (to them). shlokaH 3 durbalo.ahaM na me shaktirbhavatAM paripAlane . balavA~njAyate rAjA bala.n shakre hi nityadA .. 3..\\ padavibhaagaH durbalaH ahaM na me shaktiH bhavatAM paripAlane . balavAn jAyate rAjA bala.n shakre hi nityadA .. anvayaH ahaM durbalaH bhavatAM paripAlane me shaktiH na (nAsti) . rAjA balavAn jAyate shakre hi bala.n nityadA . pratipadaarthaH ahaM=I; durbalaH=weak; bhavatAM=of you all; paripAlane=in protection; me=my; shaktiH=strength; na=not; (nAsti)= not there; rAjA=King; balavAn=possessing strength; jAyate=to be born, produced; shakre=In Indra; hi=indeed; bala.n=strength; nityadA=always; anuvaadaH Nahusha says: I am weak and do not have the ability to protect you. A king is born possessing strength and indeed in Indra there is power always. shlokaH 4 tamabruvanpunaH sarve devAH sarShipurogamAH . asmAka.n tapasA yuktaH pAhi rAjyaM triviShTape .. 4..\\ padavibhaagaH tam abruvan punaH sarve devAH sa-R^iShi-purogamAH . asmAka.n tapasA yuktaH pAhi rAjyaM triviShTape . anvayaH sarve devAH sa-R^iShi-purogamAH tam punaH abruvan. asmAka.n tapasA yuktaH triviShTape rAjyaM pAhi. pratipadaarthaH sarve=all; devAH=the gods; sa-R^iShi-purogamAH=together with pre-eminent sages; tam=him; punaH=again; abruvan=spoke; asmAka.n=our; tapasA=by sacrifice; yuktaH=endowed with; triviShTape=In Indra's world; rAjyaM=kingdom; pAhi=please protect; anuvaadaH All the gods, together with pre-eminent sages again spoke (to Nahusha). Being endowed with our (sacrificial) power please protect the kingdom in heaven. shlokaH 5 parasparabhaya.n ghoramasmAka.n hi na saMshayaH . abhiShichyasva rAjendra bhava rAjA triviShTape .. 5..\\ padavibhaagaH parasparabhaya.n ghoram asmAka.n hi na saMshayaH . abhiShichyasva rAjendra bhava rAjA triviShTape .. anvayaH asmAka.n ghoram parasparabhaya.n hi na saMshayaH. rAjendra triviShTape abhiShichyasva rAjA bhava. pratipadaarthaH asmAka.n=Our; ghoram=terrible; parasparabhaya.n=fear of each other; hi=indeed; na=no; saMshayaH=doubt; rAjendra=O King; triviShTape=In heaven; abhiShichyasva=you should be annointed; rAjA=King; bhava=please be; anuvaadaH Indeed there is no doubt, that amongst ourselves there is great fear of each other, O King, in heaven, you should be annointed and be the King. shlokaH 6 devadAnavayakShANAmR^iShINA.n rakShasA.n tathA . pitR^igandharvabhUtAnA.n chakShurviShayavartinAm . teja AdAsyase pashyanbalavAMshcha bhaviShyasi .. 6..\\ padavibhaagaH devadAnavayakShANAm R^iShINA.n rakShasA.n tathA . pitR^igandharvabhUtAnA.n chakShuH viShayavartinAm . tejaH AdAsyase pashyan balavAn cha bhaviShyasi .. anvayaH deva-dAnava-yakShANAm R^iShINA.n rakShasA.n tathA pitR^i-gandharva-bhUtAnA.n viShaya-vartinAm chakShuH pashyan tejaH AdAsyase cha balavAn bhaviShyasi. pratipadaarthaH deva-dAnava-yakShANAm (comp.) devaH =god; dAnavaH=demon; yakShaH=spirits, demi-gods; deva-dAnava-yakShANAm = of gods, demons and spirits; R^iShINA.n=of sages; rakShasA.n=of rakshasas; tathA=and also; pitR^i-gandharva-bhUtAnA.n (comp.) pitR^i=elder; gandharvaH=celestial singers; bhUtaH=living entities; pitR^i-gandharva-bhUtAnA.n =of elders, celestial singers and living entities; viShaya-vartinAm =whose senses are attracted to sensory objects; chakShuH=eye; pashyan=seeing; tejaH=power, brilliance; AdAsyase=you will accquire; cha=and; balavAn=powerful; bhaviShyasi=you will be; anuvaadaH Sages to Nahusha: Of gods, demons, spirits, sages, rakshasas, elders, celestial singers, living entities and those whose senses are attracted to sensory objects - upon seeing these you will accquire their brilliance and will become powerful. shlokaH 7 dharmaM puraskR^itya sadA sarvalokAdhipo bhava . brahmarShIMshchApi devAMshcha gopAyasva triviShTape .. 7..\\ padavibhaagaH dharmaM puraskR^itya sadA sarvalokAdhipaH bhava . brahmarShIn cha api devAn cha gopAyasva triviShTape .. anvayaH sadA dharmaM puraskR^itya sarvaloka-adhipaH bhava. triviShTape brahmarShIn cha api devAn cha gopAyasva. pratipadaarthaH sadA=always; dharmaM=dharma; puraskR^itya=prioritising, showing respect, following; sarvalok-adhipaH=ruler of all the worlds; bhava=may you be; triviShTape=In the heaven; brahmarShIn=the brahma-rishis; cha=and; api=also; devAn=the gods; cha=and; gopAyasva=protect; anuvaadaH Sages to Nahusha: Always respecting Dharma you should be the ruler of all the worlds. In the heavens, you should protect the brahma-rishis and gods. shlokaH 8 sudurlabha.n varaM labdhvA prApya rAjya.n triviShTape . dharmAtmA satataM bhUtvA kAmAtmA samapadyata .. 8..\\ padavibhaagaH sudurlabha.n varaM labdhvA prApya rAjya.n triviShTape . dharmAtmA satataM bhUtvA kAmAtmA samapadyata .. anvayaH sudurlabha.n varaM labdhvA triviShTape rAjya.n prApya dharmAtmA satataM bhUtvA kAmAtmA samapadyata. pratipadaarthaH sudurlabha.n=rare; varaM=boon, gift; labdhvA=having obtained; triviShTape=in the heaven; rAjya.n=kingdom; prApya=having received; dharmAtmA=One who is just, righteous; satataM=always; bhUtvA=being; kAmAtmA=one who is lustful; samapadyata=observed, practised; anuvaadaH Having obtained the rare blessing and the kingdom in heaven, eventhough always being righteous, (Nahusha) became lustful. shlokaH 9 devodyAneShu sarveShu nandanopavaneShu cha . kailAse himavatpR^iShThe mandare shvetaparvate . sahye mahendre malaye samudreShu saritsu cha .. 9..\\ padavibhaagaH devodyAneShu sarveShu nandanopavaneShu cha . kailAse himavatpR^iShThe mandare shvetaparvate . sahye mahendre malaye samudreShu saritsu cha .. anvayaH sarveShu devodyAneShu nandanopavaneShu cha kailAse himavatpR^iShThe mandare shvetaparvate sahye mahendre malaye samudreShu saritsu cha. pratipadaarthaH sarveShu=In all; devodyAneShu=the divine gardens; nandanopavaneShu=gardens near Nandana gardens; cha=and; kailAse=in Kailasha; himavatpR^iShThe=the other side of Himalayas; mandare=on the Mandara mountain; shvetaparvate=on the white mountain; sahye=on the Sahya mountain; mahendre=on the Mahendra mountain; malaye=on the Malya mountain; samudreShu=in the oceans; saritsu=on rivers; cha=and; anuvaadaH In all the divine gardens, Nandana gardens, Kailash, on the Himalayas, on the Mandara, White, Sahyadri, Mahendra and Malya mountains, in the oceans and rivers. (follows in the next) shlokaH 10 apsarobhiH parivR^ito devakanyAsamAvR^itaH . nahuSho devarAjaH sankrIDanbahuvidha.n tadA .. 10..\\ padavibhaagaH apsarobhiH parivR^itaH devakanyA-samAvR^itaH . nahuShaH devarAjaH san krIDan bahuvidha.n tadA . anvayaH tadA devarAjaH san nahuShaH apsarobhiH parivR^itaH devakanyA-samAvR^itaH bahuvidha.n krIDan. pratipadaarthaH tadA=Then; devarAjaH=the king of Devas; san=becoming; nahuShaH=Nahusha; apsarobhiH=with Apsaras; parivR^itaH=being surrounded; devakanyA-samAvR^itaH=being encompassed by nymphs, damsels; bahuvidha.n=many kinds; krIDan=playing; anuvaadaH Then, Nahusha,having become the king of Devas, being surrounded with Apsaras and nymphs,playing in different ways (follows in the next) shlokaH 11 shR^iNvandivyA bahuvidhAH kathAH shrutimanoharAH . vAditrANi cha sarvANi gIta.n cha madhurasvaram .. 11..\\ padavibhaagaH shR^iNvan divyAH bahuvidhAH kathAH shruti-manoharAH . vAditrANi cha sarvANi gIta.n cha madhura-svaram .. anvayaH bahuvidhAH divyAH shruti-manoharAH kathAH sarvANi vAditrANi cha madhura-svaram gIta.n cha shR^iNvan. pratipadaarthaH bahuvidhAH=many; divyAH=Divine; shruti-manoharAH=pleasing to hear; kathAH=stories; cha=and; sarvANi=all; vAditrANi=musical instruments; cha=and; madhura-svaram=sweet sounding; gIta.n=singing; shR^iNvan=listening anuvaadaH Nahusha was listening to many divine, pleasing to hear, stories and all musical instruments and sweet sounding singing shlokaH 12 vishvAvasurnAradashcha gandharvApsarasA.n gaNAH . R^itavaH ShaTcha devendraM mUrtimanta upasthitAH . mArutaH surabhirvAti manoGYaH sukhashItalaH .. 12..\\ padavibhaagaH vishvAvasuH nAradaH cha gandharva-apsarasA.n gaNAH . R^itavaH ShaT cha devendraM mUrtimantaH upasthitAH . mArutaH surabhiH vAti manoGYaH sukhashItalaH .. anvayaH vishvAvasuH nAradaH cha gandharva-apsarasA.n gaNAH R^itavaH ShaT cha mUrtimantaH devendraM upasthitAH. surabhiH vAti manoGYaH sukha-shItalaH mArutaH .. pratipadaarthaH vishvAvasuH=Vishvavasu (gandharva); nAradaH=Narada; cha=and; gandharva-apsarasA.n=of apsaras and gandharvas; gaNAH=groups; R^itavaH=the seasons; ShaT=six; cha=and; mUrtimantaH=taking material form; devendraM=to Nahusha(king of devas); upasthitAH=sat near surabhiH=sweet smelling; manoGYaH=pleasing; sukha-shItalaH=comfortably cool; mArutaH=the wind god; vAti=blows; anuvaadaH Vishvavasu, Narada, the groups of Apsaras and gandharvas, the six seasons were taking material form and seated before Nahusha. The sweet smelling pleasing, comfortably cool wind god blows (follows in the next). shlokaH 13 eva.n hi krIDatastasya nahuShasya mahAtmanaH . samprAptA darshana.n devI shakrasya mahiShI priyA .. 13..\\ padavibhaagaH eva.n hi krIDataH tasya nahuShasya mahAtmanaH . samprAptA darshana.n devI shakrasya mahiShI priyA .. anvayaH eva.n hi tasya nahuShasya mahAtmanaH krIDataH. shakrasya mahiShI priyA devI darshana.n samprAptA. pratipadaarthaH eva.n=thus; hi=indeed; tasya=his; nahuShasya=Nahusha's; mahAtmanaH=of the great soul; krIDataH=plays; eva.n hi tasya nahuShasya mahAtmanaH krIDataH=As Nahusha the great soul was playing like that. shakrasya=Indra's; mahiShI=queen-consort; priyA=beloved; devI=godess; darshana.n samprAptA=was seen; anuvaadaH As Nahusha the great soul was playing like that, he got a chance to see the beloved of Indra. shlokaH 14 sa tA.n sandR^ishya duShTAtmA prAha sarvAnsabhAsadaH . indrasya mahiShI devI kasmAnmAM nopatiShThati .. 14..\\ padavibhaagaH saH tA.n sandR^ishya duShTAtmA prAha sarvAn sabhAsadaH . indrasya mahiShI devI kasmAt mAM na upatiShThati .. anvayaH saH duShTAtmA tA.n sandR^ishya sarvAn sabhAsadaH prAha indrasya mahiShI devI kasmAt mAM na upatiShThati . pratipadaarthaH saH=He (Nahusha); duShTAtmA=evil one; tA.n=her; sandR^ishya=upon seeing; sarvAn=to all; sabhAsadaH=assembly-members; prAha=spoke; indrasya=Indra's; mahiShI=queen; devI=godess; kasmAt=why; mAM=me; na=not; upatiShThati=coming near,approaching; anuvaadaH He (Nahusha) the evil one, upon seeing her, spoke to the entire assembly. Why does Indra's queen not come near me? shlokaH 15 ahamindro.asmi devAnA.n lokAnA.n cha tatheshvaraH . Agachchhatu shachI mahya.n kShipramadya niveshanam .. 15..\\ padavibhaagaH aham indraH asmi devAnA.n lokAnA.n cha tathA IshvaraH . Agachchhatu shachI mahya.n kShipram adya niveshanam .. anvayaH aham indraH asmi. devAnA.n lokAnA.n cha tathA IshvaraH. adya mahya.n niveshanam kShipram shachI Agachchhatu. pratipadaarthaH aham=I; indraH=Indra; asmi=am; devAnA.n=Of the gods; lokAnA.n=of the worlds; cha=and; tathA=also; IshvaraH=Shiva; adya=today; mahya.n=for me; niveshanam=residence; kShipram=quickly; shachI=Sachi; Agachchhatu=should come anuvaadaH Nahusha says: I am Indra. I am the lord of the gods and the worlds. Today, immediately, Sachi (Indra's wife) should come to my residence. shlokaH 16 tachchhrutvA durmanA devI bR^ihaspatimuvAcha ha . rakSha mAM nahuShAdbrahma.n tavAsmi sharaNa.n gatA .. 16..\\ padavibhaagaH tat shrutvA durmanA devI bR^ihaspatim uvAcha ha . rakSha mAM nahuShAt brahman tava asmi sharaNa.n gatA .. anvayaH tat shrutvA durmanA devI bR^ihaspatim uvAcha ha. brahman nahuShAt mAM rakSha. tava sharaNa.n gatA asmi . pratipadaarthaH tat=that; shrutvA=having heard; durmanA=troubled; devI=queen; bR^ihaspatim=guru of gods; uvAcha=spoke; ha=indeed; brahman=Osupreme god; nahuShAt=from Nahusha; mAM=me; rakSha=protect; tava=yours; sharaNa.n=refuge; gatA=seeking; asmi=I am; anuvaadaH Having heard that, the troubled queen spoke to, Brihaspati, the guru of the gods. O great lord, please protect me from Nahusha. I am seeking your refuge. shlokaH 17 sarvalakShaNasampannAM brahmastvaM mAM prabhAShase . devarAjasya dayitAmatyantasukhabhAginIm .. 17..\\ padavibhaagaH sarvalakShaNasampannAM brahman tvaM mAM prabhAShase . devarAjasya dayitAm atyantasukhabhAginIm .. anvayaH brahman tvaM mAM prabhAShase devarAjasya dayitAm sarvalakShaNasampannAM atyantasukhabhAginIm. pratipadaarthaH brahman=O supreme god; tvaM=you; mAM=me; prabhAShase=tell; devarAjasya=Indra's; dayitAm=beloved wife; sarvalakShaNasampannAM=one who has all the best qualities; atyantasukhabhAginIm=one who has extremely good fortune. anuvaadaH Sachi says to Brihaspati: O Supreme god, you were telling me that I am Indra's beloved wife, having the best qualities and good fortune. (follows in the next) shlokaH 18 avaidhavyena sa.nyuktAmekapatnIM pativratAm . uktavAnasi mAM pUrvam R^itA.n tAM kuru vai giram .. 18..\\ padavibhaagaH avaidhavyena sa.nyuktAm ekapatnIM pativratAm . uktavAn asi mAM pUrvam R^itA.n tAM kuru vai giram .. anvayaH avaidhavyena sa.nyuktAm ekapatnIM pativratAm. mAM pUrvam uktavAn asi tAM R^itA.n giram vai kuru. pratipadaarthaH avaidhavyena=without widowhood; sa.nyuktAm=possessing; ekapatnIM=the only wife; pativratAm=devoted to her husband; mAM=to me; pUrvam=earlier; uktavAn asi=you spoke; tAM=that; R^itA.n=true; giram=words; vai=certainly; kuru=please do; anuvaadaH Sachi to Brihaspati: You told me earlier that I will never be a widow, that am chaste and devoted to my husband. Please make those words true. shlokaH 19 noktapUrva.n cha bhagavanmR^iShA te ki~nchidIshvara . tasmAdetadbhavetsatya.n tvayoktaM dvijasattama .. 19..\\ padavibhaagaH na uktapUrva.n cha bhagavan mR^iShA te ki~nchit Ishvara . tasmAt etat bhavet satya.n tvayA uktaM dvijasattama .. anvayaH bhagavan Ishvara te uktapUrva.n na cha ki~nchit mR^iShA. dvijasattama tasmAt tvayA uktaM etat satya.n bhavet. pratipadaarthaH bhagavan=O auspicious; Ishvara=lord; te=your; uktapUrva.n=words said earlier; na=not; cha=and; ki~nchit=even a little bit; mR^iShA=false; dvijasattama=O best of twice-born; tasmAt=therefore; tvayA=by you; uktaM=said; etat=this; satya.n=true; bhavet=should be. anuvaadaH O auspicious lord, your words can never be even sligthly false. O great brahmana, therefore, those words said by you should become the truth. shlokaH 20 bR^ihaspatirathovAcha indrANIM bhayamohitAm . yaduktAsi mayA devi satya.n tadbhavitA dhruvam .. 20..\\ padavibhaagaH bR^ihaspatiH atha uvAcha indrANIM bhayamohitAm . yat uktA asi mayA devi satya.n tat bhavitA dhruvam .. anvayaH atha bR^ihaspatiH bhayamohitAm indrANIM uvAcha. devi yat mayA uktA asi tat satya.n dhruvam bhavitA. pratipadaarthaH atha=Then; bR^ihaspatiH=Perceptor of devas; bhayamohitAm=filled with fear; indrANIM=wife of Indra; uvAcha=spoke devi=O devi; yat=that; mayA=by me; uktA asi=as said to you; tat=that; satya.n=truth, reality; dhruvam=certainly; bhavitA=will be anuvaadaH Then, Brihaspati (the perceptor of devas) spoke to the frightened Indrani. Whatever was said earlier by me that will certainly become the reality. shlokaH 21 drakShyase devarAjAnamindra.n shIghramihAgatam . na bhetavya.n cha nahuShAtsatyametadbravImi te . samAnayiShye shakreNa nachirAdbhavatIm aham .. 21..\\ padavibhaagaH drakShyase devarAjAnam indra.n shIghram iha Agatam . na bhetavya.n cha nahuShAt satyam etat bravImi te . samAnayiShye shakreNa na chirAt bhavatIm aham .. anvayaH devarAjAnam indra.n shIghram iha Agatam drakShyase cha nahuShAt na bhetavya.n etat satyam te bravImi. aham na chirAt bhavatIm shakreNa samAnayiShye. pratipadaarthaH devarAjAnam=King of Devas; indra.n=Indra; shIghram=quickly; iha=here; Agatam=come; drakShyase=you will see; cha=and; nahuShAt=from Nahusha; na bhetavya.n=should not be feared; etat=that; satyam=truth; te=to you; bravImi=I say; aham=I; na chirAt=very soon; bhavatIm=you; shakreNa=with Indra; samAnayiShye=will bring together anuvaadaH You will soon see, the king of devas, Indra who will come here. And you should not be afraid of Nahusha, this is the truth I am telling you. I will bring you and Indra together in a short while. shlokaH 22 atha shushrAva nahuShaH indrANI.n sharaNa.n gatAm . bR^ihaspatera~Ngirasashchukrodha sa nR^ipastadA .. 22..\\ padavibhaagaH atha shushrAva nahuShaH indrANI.n sharaNa.n gatAm . bR^ihaspateH a~NgirasaH chukrodha saH nR^ipaH tadA .. anvayaH atha nahuShaH indrANI.n bR^ihaspateH a~NgirasaH sharaNa.n gatAm shushrAva. tadA saH nR^ipaH chukrodha. pratipadaarthaH atha=Then; nahuShaH=Nahusha; indrANI.n=Indrani; bR^ihaspateH=of Brihaspati; a~NgirasaH=of Angirasa; sharaNa.n=refuge, protection; gatAm=she went; shushrAva=heard; tadA=then; saH=he; nR^ipaH=king; chukrodha=got angry; anuvaadaH Then Nahusha heard that Indrani had sought the protection of sage Angirasa (the perceptor of devas). Then he got angry. ================== End - Section 11 ==================