=========================================================== UDYOGAPARVAM =========================================================== Two versions of "The Mahabharata" were used for this transalation I) available from internet at http://www.hscc.net/mahabharata/txt/05.txt in Itrans format. II) Gita press edition =========================================================== Dr. Sarasvati Mohan, Vikram Santurkar - Jan 2005 =========================================================== The transalation is organized as follows : Sloka - Sloka in original form. Padavibhaaga - Identification and separation of words from Sandhi. Anvaya - Sloka in prose order. Pratipadaartha - Meanings of each word in prose order Anuvaada - Transalation Certain compounds are explained in full detail. =========================================================== ================== Udyogaparvam - Section 17 ================== shalya uvAcha shlokaH 1 atha sa~ncintayAnasya devarAjasya dhImataH . nahuShasya vadhopAya.n lokapAlaiH sahaiva taiH . tapasvI tatra bhagavAnagastyaH pratyadR^ishyata .. 1..\\ padavibhaagaH atha sa~ncintayAnasya devarAjasya dhImataH . nahuShasya vadhopAya.n lokapAlaiH saha eva taiH . tapasvI tatra bhagavAn agastyaH pratyadR^ishyata anvayaH atha sa~cintayAnasya dhImataH taiH lokapAlaiH saha eva asya devarAjasya nahuShasya vadhopAya.n tatra tapasvI bhagavAn agastyaH pratyadR^ishyata pratipadaarthaH atha=then; dhImataH=[Indra] the perceptive one; sa~cintayAnasya=thinking; taiH=with them; lokapAlaiH=with the guardians of the world; saha=together; eva=only; asya=this; devarAjasya=the lord of devas; nahuShasya=Nahusha's; vadhopAya.n=the method of killing; tatra=there; tapasvI=the enlightened one; bhagavAn=lord,sage; agastyaH=Agastya; pratyadR^ishyata=was seen; anuvAdaH Shalya says: Then, as [Indra] the perceptive one was thinking, together with the guardians of the world, about methods to kill Nahusha, the enlightened sage Agastya was seen; shlokaH 2 so.abravIdarchya devendra.n diShTyA vai vardhate bhavAn . vishvarUpavinAshena vR^itrAsuravadhena cha .. 2..\\ padavibhaagaH saH abravIt archya devendra.n diShTyA vai vardhate bhavAn . vishvarUpavinAshena vR^itrAsuravadhena cha .. anvayaH devendra.n archya saH abravIt. bhavAn vishvarUpavinAshena vR^itrAsuravadhena diShTyA vai vardhate. pratipadaarthaH devendra.n=Indra; archya=having welcomed; saH=he; abravIt=spoke; diShTyA=Fortunately; bhavAn=you; vishvarUpavinAshena=by destroying the universal form; vR^itrAsuravadhena=by the killing of VritrAsura; cha=and; vai=indeed; vardhate=increased, become powerful; anuvAdaH Sage Agastya to Indra: Having praised Indra, he spoke. Fortunately, you have become powerful by the destroying the universal form and killing of Vrita-asura. shlokaH 3 diShTyA cha nahuSho bhraShTo devarAjyAtpurandara . diShTyA hatAriM pashyAmi bhavantaM balasUdana .. 3..\\ padavibhaagaH diShTyA cha nahuShaH bhraShTaH devarAjyAt purandara . diShTyA hatAriM pashyAmi bhavantaM balasUdana .. anvayaH purandara diShTyA cha devarAjyAt nahuShaH bhraShTaH. balasUdana diShTyA bhavantaM hatAriM pashyAmi. pratipadaarthaH purandara=O Indra; diShTyA=Fortunately; cha=and; devarAjyAt=from the kingdom of god's; nahuShaH=Nahusha; bhraShTaH=was expelled; balasUdana=O destroyer of bala; diShTyA=fortunately; bhavantaM=your; hatAriM=bereft of enemy; pashyAmi=I percieve; anuvAdaH Agastya to Indra: O Indra, fortunately, Nahusha was expelled from the kingdom of god's. O destroyer of bala, fortunately, I percieve you bereft of enemy. shlokaH 4 svAgata.n te maharShe.astu prIto.ahaM darshanAttava . pAdyamAchamanIya.n cha gAmarghyaM cha pratIchchha me .. 4..\\ padavibhaagaH svAgata.n te maharShe astu prItaH ahaM darshanAt tava . pAdyam AchamanIya.n cha gAm arghyaM cha pratIchchha me .. anvayaH maharShe svAgata.n te astu. ahaM tava darshanAt prItaH. pAdyam AchamanIya.n cha gAm arghyaM me pratIchchha. pratipadaarthaH maharShe=O Maharishi; svAgata.n=welcome; te=to you; astu=are; ahaM=I; tava=your; darshanAt=appearance; prItaH=am pleased; pAdyam=water to wash feet; AchamanIya.n=sipping water before religious ceremonies; cha=and; gAm=cow; arghyaM=offering, oblation to a venerable person; me=my; pratIchchha=I wish you to take; anuvAdaH Indra to Agastya: O Maharshi, you are welcome. I am pleased at your appearance. Please take my offering of water to wash feet, water to sip, and cow as oblation to you. shlokaH 5 pUjita.n chopaviShTaM tamAsane munisattamam . paryapR^ichchhata deveshaH prahR^iShTo brAhmaNarShabham .. 5..\\ padavibhaagaH pUjita.n cha upaviShTaM tam Asane munisattamam . paryapR^ichchhata deveshaH prahR^iShTaH brAhmaNarShabham .. anvayaH prahR^iShTaH deveshaH tam munisattamam brAhmaNarShabham pUjita.n cha Asane upaviShTaM paryapR^ichchhata pratipadaarthaH prahR^iShTaH=Pleased; deveshaH=The lord of devas; tam=him; munisattamam=the best among sages; brAhmaNarShabham=the best among brahmana's; pUjita.n=worshiped, adored; cha=and; Asane=on a seat; upaviShTaM=seated; paryapR^ichchhata=asked; anuvAdaH The lord of devas, being pleased, worshipped him [the best among sages and the best among brahmana's] and asked him after he seated himself shlokaH 6 etadichchhAmi bhagavankathyamAna.n dvijottama . paribhraShTaH katha.n svargAnnahuShaH pApanishchayaH .. 6..\\ padavibhaagaH etat ichchhAmi bhagavan kathyamAna.n dvijottama . paribhraShTaH katha.n svargAt nahuShaH pApanishchayaH .. anvayaH bhagavan dvijottama katha.n svargAt pApanishchayaH nahuShaH paribhraShTaH etat kathyamAna.n ichchhAmi. pratipadaarthaH bhagavan=O Lord; dvijottama=O best among twice-born; katha.n=how; svargAt=from the heavens; pApanishchayaH=the one who has committed sins; nahuShaH=Nahusha; paribhraShTaH=being expelled; etat=That; kathyamAna.n=being narrated; ichchhAmi=I wish; anuvAdaH Indra to Agastya: O lord, the best among twice-born, how was Nahusha the evil one, expelled from the heavens. I wish you narrated that. shlokaH 7 shR^iNu shakra priya.n vAkyaM yathA rAjA durAtmavAn . svargAdbhraShTo durAchAro nahuSho baladarpitaH .. 7..\\ padavibhaagaH shR^iNu shakra priya.n vAkyaM yathA rAjA durAtmavAn . svargAt bhraShTaH durAchAraH nahuShaH baladarpitaH .. anvayaH shakra shR^iNu priya.n vAkyaM yathA rAjA durAtmavAn baladarpitaH durAchAraH nahuShaH svargAt bhraShTaH. pratipadaarthaH shakra=O Indra; shR^iNu=please listen; priya.n=the sweet; vAkyaM=words; yathA=just as; rAjA=the king; durAtmavAn=the one with evil soul; baladarpitaH=filled with pride; durAchAraH=following adharma; nahuShaH=Nahusha; svargAt=from the heavens; bhraShTaH=was expelled; anuvAdaH Agastya to Indra: O Indra, please listen these sweet words, how the evil souled, pride filled, adharmic, Nahusha was expelled from the heavens. shlokaH 8 shramArtAstu vahantastaM nahuShaM pApakAriNam . devarShayo mahAbhAgAstathA brahmarShayo.amalAH . paprachchhuH saMshaya.n deva nahuShaM jayatA.n vara .. 8..\\ padavibhaagaH shramArtAH tu vahantaH taM nahuShaM pApakAriNam . devarShayaH mahAbhAgAH tathA brahmarShayaH amalAH . paprachchhuH saMshaya.n deva nahuShaM jayatA.n vara .. anvayaH devarShayaH mahAbhAgAH tathA brahmarShayaH amalAH taM pApakAriNam nahuShaM tu vahantaH shramArtAH. deva vara saMshaya.n nahuShaM jayatA.n paprachchhuH .. pratipadaarthaH devarShayaH=the devas-rishis; mahAbhAgAH=the great ones; tathA=and also; brahmarShayaH=the brahma-rishis; amalAH=the pure ones; taM=that; pApakAriNam=the one who does evil deeds; nahuShaM=Nahusha; tu=indeed; vahantaH=carrying; shramArtAH=exerted; deva=O deva; saMshaya.n=a doubt; nahuShaM=Nahusha; jayatA.n=of the victorious; vara=the best; paprachchhuH =they asked; anuvAdaH The deva-rishis, the great ones and pure brahma-rishis, toiled and carried the evil Nahusha. O best among the victorious,Indra, they asked Nahusha a question [a doubt]. shlokaH 9 ya ime brahmaNA proktA mantrA vai prokShaNe gavAm . ete pramANaM bhavata utAho neti vAsava . nahuSho neti tAnAha tamasA mUDhachetanaH .. 9..\\ padavibhaagaH ye ime brahmaNA proktAH mantrAH vai prokShaNe gavAm . ete pramANaM bhavataH utAho na iti vAsava . nahuShaH na iti tAn Aha tamasA mUDhachetanaH .. anvayaH vAsava ye ime brahmaNA proktAH mantrAH vai gavAm prokShaNe ete bhavataH pramANaM utAho na iti. mUDhachetanaH nahuShaH tamasA na iti tAn Aha. pratipadaarthaH vAsava=O Indra; ye=whatever; ime=these; brahmaNA=by brahma; proktAH=spoken; mantrAH=prayers; vai=certainly; gavAm=for the cows; prokShaNe=for consecrating; ete=these; bhavataH=to you; pramANaM=authority; utAho=or; na=not; iti=Thus; mUDhachetanaH=The one without much intelligence; nahuShaH=Nahusha; tamasA=with ignorance; na=not; iti=thus; tAn=them; Aha=told anuvAdaH Rishis to Nahusha: O Lord of devas, these mantras spoken by Brahma [vedas] certainly for consecrating cows, are they important to you or not?. Nahusha [the one with low consciousness] with ignorance said no. shlokaH 10 adharme sampravR^ittastva.n dharmaM na pratipadyase . pramANametadasmAkaM pUrvaM proktaM maharShibhiH .. 10..\\ padavibhaagaH adharme sampravR^ittaH tva.n dharmaM na pratipadyase . pramANam etat asmAkaM pUrvaM proktaM maharShibhiH .. anvayaH tva.n adharme sampravR^ittaH. dharmaM na pratipadyase. asmAkaM etat pramANam pUrvaM maharShibhiH proktaM pratipadaarthaH tva.n=you; adharme=Without dharma; sampravR^ittaH=covered; dharmaM=Dharma; na=not; pratipadyase=you follow; asmAkaM=for us etat=this; pramANam=Importance; pUrvaM=earlier; maharShibhiH=by the great sages; proktaM=said; anuvAdaH Sages to Nahusha: You are encompassed with adharma. You do not follow dharma. It is said earlier by our great sages about the importance of the mantras. shlokaH 11 tato vivadamAnaH sa munibhiH saha vAsava . atha mAmaspR^ishanmUrdhni pAdenAdharmapIDitaH .. 11..\\ padavibhaagaH tataH vivadamAnaH saH munibhiH saha vAsava . atha mAm aspR^ishat mUrdhni pAdena adharmapIDitaH .. anvayaH vAsava tataH saH munibhiH saha vivadamAnaH. atha adharmapIDitaH mAm pAdena mUrdhni aspR^ishat. pratipadaarthaH vAsava=O Indra; tataH=Then; saH=he; munibhiH=with the sages; saha=together with; vivadamAnaH=having argued; atha=then; adharmapIDitaH=without proper conduct having troubled; mAm=me pAdena=with foot; mUrdhni=on the head; aspR^ishat=touched; anuvAdaH Agastya to Indra: O Indra, having argued with the sages, then without proper conduct having troubled me, touched me on my head with his foot; shlokaH 12 tenAbhUddhutatejAH sa niHshrIkashcha shachIpate . tatastamahamAvignamavochaM bhayapIDitam .. 12..\\ padavibhaagaH tena abhUt hutatejAH saH niHshrIkaH cha shachIpate . tataH tam aham Avignam avochaM bhayapIDitam .. anvayaH shachIpate tena saH hutatejAH niHshrIkaH cha abhUt. tataH aham tam Avignam bhayapIDitam avochaM pratipadaarthaH shachIpate=O lord of Sachi-devi; tena=by that; saH=he; hutatejAH=one who has burnt brilliance; niHshrIkaH=without "shri" cha=and; abhUt=became; tataH=Then; aham=I; tam=him; Avignam=distressed, troubled ; bhayapIDitam=tormented with fear; avochaM=spoke [bhute lu~Ng]; anuvAdaH Agastya to Indra: O Lord of Sachi-devi, by that he became devoid of brilliance and "shri". Then I spoke to him [Nahusha being tormented with fear]. shlokaH 13 yasmAtpUrvaiH kR^itaM brahma brahmarShibhiranuShThitam . aduShTa.n dUShayasi vai yachcha mUrdhnyaspR^ishaH padA .. 13..\\ padavibhaagaH yasmAt pUrvaiH kR^itaM brahma brahmarShibhiH anuShThitam . aduShTa.n dUShayasi vai yat cha mUrdhni aspR^ishaH padA .. anvayaH brahma yasmAt pUrvaiH kR^itaM brahmarShibhiH anuShThitam yat aduShTa.n dUShayasi vai cha mUrdhni padA aspR^ishaH. pratipadaarthaH brahma=knowledge(mantras, vedas); yasmAt=from what; pUrvaiH=by ancestors; kR^itaM=was done; brahmarShibhiH=by the brahma-rishis; anuShThitam=was established; yat=Whatever; aduShTa.n=not impure; dUShayasi=you make impure; vai=certainly; cha=and; mUrdhni=on the forehead; padA=by the foot; aspR^ishaH=you touched; anuvAdaH Agastya to Nahusha: Knowledge that was followed by ancestors, established by the brahma-rishis, that which is pure, you say is wrong and you touched by foot on the forehead. shlokaH 14 yachchApi tvamR^iShInmUDha brahmakalpAndurAsadAn . vAhAnkR^itvA vAhayasi tena svargAddhataprabhaH .. 14..\\ padavibhaagaH yat cha api tvam R^iShIn mUDha brahmakalpAn durAsadAn . vAhAn kR^itvA vAhayasi tena svargAt hataprabhaH .. anvayaH mUDha yat cha api tvam R^iShIn brahmakalpAn durAsadAn vAhAn kR^itvA vAhayasi tena svargAt hataprabhaH pratipadaarthaH mUDha=O foolish one; yat=whatever; cha=and; api=also; tvam=you; R^iShIn=rishis; brahmakalpAn=almost equal to god; durAsadAn=un-equalled; vAhAn=vehicle; kR^itvA=having done; vAhayasi=you caused to carry; tena=by that; svargAt=from the heavens; hataprabhaH=deprived of brilliance; anuvAdaH Agastya to Nahusha: O foolish one, you having made the un-equalled rishis (almost equal to God) carry the vehicle, by that you are deprived of brilliance from the heavens. shlokaH 15 dhva.nsa pApaparibhraShTaH kShINapuNyo mahItalam . dashavarShasahasrANi sarparUpadharo mahAn . vichariShyasi pUrNeShu punaH svargamavApsyasi .. 15..\\ padavibhaagaH dhva.nsa pApaparibhraShTaH kShINapuNyaH mahItalam . dashavarShasahasrANi sarparUpadharaH mahAn . vichariShyasi pUrNeShu punaH svargam avApsyasi .. anvayaH pApaparibhraShTaH kShINapuNyaH mahItalam dhva.nsa. mahAn sarparUpadharaH dashavarShasahasrANi vichariShyasi. pUrNeShu punaH svargam avApsyasi .. pratipadaarthaH pApaparibhraShTaH=being expelled due to sins; kShINapuNyaH=devoid of merit; mahItalam=surface of the earth; dhva.nsa=may you fall down; mahAn=great; sarparUpadharaH=the form of a serpent; dashavarShasahasrANi=for 10,000 years; vichariShyasi=you will roam; pUrNeShu=Upon completion; punaH=again; svargam=heaven; avApsyasi=you will obtain; anuvAdaH Agastya to Nahusha: Being expelled due to sins, devoid of merit, may you fall down to the surface of the earth. You will roam there for 10,000 years in the form of a great serpent. Upon completion again you will obtain heaven; shlokaH 16 evaM bhraShTo durAtmA sa devarAjyAdarindama . diShTyA vardhAmahe shakra hato brAhmaNakaNTakaH .. 16..\\ padavibhaagaH evaM bhraShTaH durAtmA saH devarAjyAt arindama diShTyA vardhAmahe shakra hataH brAhmaNakaNTakaH anvayaH arindama evaM saH durAtmA devarAjyAt bhraShTaH shakra diShTyA brAhmaNakaNTakaH hataH vardhAmahe pratipadaarthaH arindama=O killer of enemies; evaM=thus; saH=that; durAtmA=evil souled one; devarAjyAt=from the kingdom of gods; bhraShTaH=was expelled; shakra=O Indra; diShTyA=fortunately; brAhmaNakaNTakaH=thorn to brahmanas; hataH=was removed; vardhAmahe=we flourish; anuvAdaH Agastya to Indra: O Killer of enemies, thus, that evil souled one was expelled from the heavens. O Indra, fortunately that thorn to brahmanas, was removed. We flourish. shlokaH 17 triviShTapaM prapadyasva pAhi lokA~nChachIpate . jitendriyo jitAmitraH stUyamAno maharShibhiH .. 17..\\ padavibhaagaH triviShTapaM prapadyasva pAhi lokAn shachIpate . jitendriyaH jitAmitraH stUyamAnaH maharShibhiH .. anvayaH shachIpate jitendriyaH jitAmitraH maharShibhiH stUyamAnaH triviShTapaM prapadyasva. lokAn pAhi. pratipadaarthaH shachIpate=O lord of Shachi-devi jitendriyaH=one who has overcome the senses; jitAmitraH-One who has overcome enemies; maharShibhiH=by the great rishis; stUyamAnaH=being praised; triviShTapaM=the heavens; prapadyasva=you should obtain; lokAn=the worlds; pAhi=please protect; anuvAdaH Agastya to Indra: O Lord of Sachi-devi, the one who has overcome the senses and enemies, being praised by the great seers, may you obtain the heavens and protect the worlds. shlokaH 18 tato devA bhR^isha.n tuShTA maharShigaNasa.nvR^itAH . pitarashchaiva yakShAshcha bhujagA rAkShasAstathA .. 18..\\ padavibhaagaH tataH devAH bhR^isha.n tuShTAH maharShigaNasa.nvR^itAH . pitaraH cha eva yakShAH cha bhujagAH rAkShasAH tathA .. anvayaH tataH devAH maharShigaNasa.nvR^itAH pitaraH cha eva yakShAH bhujagAH tathA rAkShasAH bhR^isha.n tuShTAH. pratipadaarthaH tataH=Then; devAH=the gods; maharShigaNasa.nvR^itAH=surrounded by the groups of great sages; pitaraH=the elders; yakShAH=celestial guardians of wealth; cha=and; eva=also; bhujagAH=heavenly serpents; tathA=and also; rAkShasAH=the celestial demons; bhR^isha.n=very much; tuShTAH=were pleased; anuvAdaH Shalya says: Then the gods, surrounded by the groups of great sages, elders, celestial guardians of wealth, celestial serpents and the demons were very much pleased. shlokaH 19 gandharvA devakanyAshcha sarve chApsarasA.n gaNAH . sarA.nsi saritaH shailAH sAgarAshcha vishAMpate .. 19..\\ padavibhaagaH gandharvAH devakanyAH cha sarve cha apsarasA.n gaNAH . sarA.nsi saritaH shailAH sAgarAH cha vishAMpate .. anvayaH vishAMpate gandharvAH devakanyAH cha sarve cha apsarasA.n gaNAH sarA.nsi saritaH shailAH sAgarAH cha tuShTAH. pratipadaarthaH vishAMpate=O Lord of people; gandharvAH=the celestial singers; devakanyAH=the celestial virgins; cha=and; sarve=all; cha=and; apsarasA.n=of all celestial beauties; gaNAH=all groups; sarA.nsi=lakes; saritaH=rivers; shailAH=mountains; sAgarAH=oceans; cha=and; tuShTAH=were pleased; anuvAdaH Shalya says: O Lord of men, the celestial singers, celestial virgins, and all groups of celestial beauties, all lakes, rivers, mountains and oceans were pleased. shlokaH 20 upagamyAbruvansarve diShTyA vardhasi shatruhan . hatashcha nahuShaH pApo diShTyAgastyena dhImatA . diShTyA pApasamAchAraH kR^itaH sarpo mahItale .. 20..\\ padavibhaagaH upagamya abruvan sarve diShTyA vardhasi shatruhan . hataH cha nahuShaH pApaH diShTyA agastyena dhImatA . diShTyA pApasamAchAraH kR^itaH sarpaH mahItale .. anvayaH sarve upagamya abruvan. shatruhan diShTyA vardhasi diShTyA nahuShaH pApaH dhImatA agastyena hataH. diShTyA pApasamAchAraH mahItale sarpaH kR^itaH. pratipadaarthaH sarve=All; upagamya=having gone: abruvan=spoke; shatruhan=O killer of enemies, Indra; diShTyA=fortunately vardhasi=you become powerful; diShTyA=Fortunately; nahuShaH=Nahusha; pApaH=the evil one; dhImatA=by the clever; agastyena=by Agastya; hataH=was killed; diShTyA=Fortunately; pApasamAchAraH=the follower of evil; mahItale=on the earth; sarpaH=serpent; kR^itaH=was turned into; anuvAdaH Shalya says: All having gone to Indra spoke: O destroyer of enemies, fortunately you become powerful. Fortunately, Nahusha the evil one, was killed by the clever Agastya. Fortunately, the follower of evil was turned into a serpent on earth. =========================== END Section 17 ===========================